体育场挑蓬风荷载模拟实验研究

能容纳五万多观众的浙江省黄龙体育中心主体育场，在观众席上建有能遮挡风雨的挑蓬，挑蓬之大达座席覆盖率９０％以上，总面积２１０００ｍ２。挑蓬被支撑在外环梁和由斜拉索吊拉的内环梁上。大跨度梁结构受力问题，是建筑结构业一个十分复杂的问题，而杭州地区的地理位置处于我国的台风区，更显出风荷载影响的严重性。因此需对体育场置于大气边界层风洞中进行风荷载模拟实验，以取得合理的挑蓬体型系数，为结构设计的合理性和可靠性提供重要依据。最终可以节省建筑物的造价。     

Design and Application of Discrete Sliding Mode Control with RBF Network-based Switching Law

This article proposes a novel approach combining exponential-reaching-law-based equivalent control law with radial basis function (RBF) network-based switching law to strengthen the sliding mode control (SMC) tracking capacity for systems with uncertainties and disturbances. First, SMC discrete equivalent control law is designed on the basis of the nominal model of the system and the adaptive exponential reaching law, and subsequently, stability of the algorithm is analyzed. Second, RBF network is used to form the switching law in a direct and online manner with sliding-mode-related inputs and by approximating evaluation function; and the method to adjust its parameters is devised. Finally, comparable experiments are carried out to verify the application of the proposed approach to an inner-axis driven by a direct current (DC) torque motor through extra-low speed servo for a high precision flight simulator, and the axis works under deteriorating conditions such as periodically fluctuating torques of motor, nonlinear friction, and time-varying model parameters. The results show that the combined SMC can effectively improve the servo performance, for instance, to a stable 0.000 08 (°)/s speed response, the tracking error would be within 0.000 08° in 98% of operating times. Moreover, the hybrid nature of the approach imparts the RBF network the features of removing offline training and ease to set initial parameters.     

模糊数学在考试成绩分析中的应用

本文将模糊集合理论应用于考试分析，提出了一种对考试成绩的总体分布进行估计的较合理、有效的方法。     

SENSOR FAILURE DETECTION AND SIGNAL RECOVERY BASED ON BP NEURAL NETWORK

Manyhighpefformancecontrolsystemsmusthavefauhtolerantabilityagainstsensorfailures.Theapplicationofprevioussensorfailuredetectinnmethods,mostlybasedonanalyti-calredundancy['Jlislimitedbecausetheyrequireaprecise.mathematicalmedel.BPneuralnetwork(BPNN)isabletolearnanycomplicatedcontinuousnonlinearfunctions,therefore,itcanbeusedtodetectsensorfailuresandrecoverthesignalforthefailedsensor'Recentpubli-cationshavedemonstratedtheuseofBPNNfordetectingsomkindofsensorfailuresandre-coveringthefailedsen…     

莱格赛500:重新定义“中型公务机”

正巴航工业莱格赛500是全球首款采用全电传操纵系统和侧杆操纵技术的中型喷气公务机,大幅减轻飞行员工作负荷的同时极大程度提升了飞行的安全与效率。作为一款融合了多项尖端技术和前卫设计的划时代产品,莱格赛500革命性地重新定义了中型公务机的概念,开启了一个新的纪元。     

Carrier phase prediction method for GNSS precise positioning in challenging environment

Since the signals of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) are blocked frequently in challenging environments, the discontinuous carrier phases seriously affect the application of GNSS precise positioning. To improve the carrier phase continuity, this paper proposes a carrier phase prediction method based on carrier open-loop tracking. In the open-loop tracking mode, the carrier numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) is controlled by the predicted Doppler, but not by the loop filter output. To improve the phase prediction effective time, accurate receiver clock drift estimation is studied in the prediction method. The phase prediction performance is tested on GNSS software receiver. In the phase prediction effective time tests, open-loop processes were set for the tested channel. The test results show that, when some satellite signals are blocked in 15?s, the probability of carrier phase error less than quarter cycles is more than 94%. In the real time kinematic (RTK) positioning tests, some satellite signals are blocked in 10–15?s repeatedly. The test results show that, the carrier phase continuity is basically not affected by the signal interruption, and the RTK can almost keep continuous centimeter-level positioning accuracy without re-fixing the integer ambiguity.     

基于合成卷积层网络结构的焊缝X射线图片缺陷筛选技术

焊接技术应用于多个领域,近些年焊缝缺陷自动检测技术成为了重要的研究方向。本文基于VGG-16卷积神经网络的良好分类性能,提出一种SC-VGG网络结构,利用合成卷积层替换了单个卷积层,同时改进了训练过程中的损失函数,使网络结构更为关注焊缝缺陷类型预测的结果。经过实验测试,SC-VGG网络结构在训练过程中损失函数曲线可以很好的收敛,与其他网络结构相比对焊缝缺陷特征的提取性能更好,平均准确率和召回率达到了95.86%和98.33%,为焊缝缺陷自动化识别提供了算法支撑。     

基于渐消卡尔曼滤波器的定位系统设计

针对无人机捷联式惯性导航系统(Strap-down inertial navigation system,SINS)定位精度低、全球卫星定位系统(Global position system,GPS)定位的非自主性,建立了一种无人机SINS/GPS定位信息融合系统。采用渐消Kalman滤波技术,有效防止了SINS/GPS组合导航系统的滤波发散。采用自适应运算法则,从理论上证明了渐消卡尔曼滤波器的稳定性,得到了滤波器稳定要求的新的条件,与以往研究比较,条件更为宽泛。分别进行了SINS/GPS常规卡尔曼滤波仿真和渐消卡尔曼滤波仿真,结果表明:采用渐消卡尔曼滤波技术在工程实践上可以有效提高无人机的导航定位精度,并且易于工程实现。     

一种非接触式微小飞片速度原位测量技术

文章提出了一种新的微小飞片平均速度原位测量技术,并研制了速度测量装置。在飞片的飞行路径上设置片激光,通过测量飞片经过片激光的时间间隔及对应的飞行距离,便可获得飞片的平均速度。测量装置的主要部件是高频激光器和高灵敏度光电接收器,无其他复杂或者大型设备,易于与激光驱动微小飞片发射装置等配套衔接,操作方便,成本低。大量试验数据表明,测量装置工作稳定可靠,对厚度不小于3μm、速度不大于10 km/s的飞片,速度测量精度优于5%。     

分裂导线平均风荷载阻力系数干扰效应研究

分裂导线在不同风场条件下的阻力系数及干扰效应对导线风荷载的合理化设计十分重要。不同迎风角和雷诺数下分裂导线气动阻力系数特性及干扰屏蔽效应比较复杂。为了研究该干扰效应,设计长细比约为1∶30、长度约为1m 的导线节段模型试验,获得导线平均风荷载阻力系数随雷诺数、尾流干扰的变化规律;进行了不同风速和迎风方向下4、6和8分裂导线节段模型平均风荷载阻力系数试验,总结了多分裂导线阻力系数的屏蔽效应规律特性。试验结果表明,多分裂导线气动阻力系数干扰效应明显,且不同迎风方式对风荷载影响较大,风荷载明显低于现行规范规定值。分裂导线风荷载合理化设计和计算应该重视迎风角度和干扰效应的影响。